Ahmed al-Sharaa

Forms Al-Nusra Front

Al-Sharaa founded Al-Nusra Front as an al-Qaeda affiliate during the Syrian civil war, becoming a key rebel commander. His group quickly gained territory and influence among opposition forces.

Splits from Al-Qaeda

Al-Nusra Front announced its separation from al-Qaeda, attempting to rebrand and gain legitimacy. This strategic move aimed to broaden support while maintaining military strength in Syria.

Forms Hayat Tahrir al-Sham

Al-Sharaa led the merger of rebel groups into Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS), consolidating control over Idlib. HTS became the dominant force in opposition-held northwestern Syria.

Establishes Governance in Idlib

Al-Sharaa consolidated HTS control over Idlib province, establishing a quasi-governmental administration. His governance efforts aimed to present a more moderate image while maintaining authoritarian control.

Becomes De Facto Syrian Leader

Following dramatic political changes in Syria, al-Sharaa emerged as the de facto leader of the country in December. This unexpected rise to power marked a stunning transformation from rebel commander to national leader.

Appointed President of Syria

Al-Sharaa was formally appointed president of Syria in January 2025, cementing his transition from insurgent to head of state. His presidency represents a dramatic shift in Syria's political landscape.

Consolidates Presidential Power

Al-Sharaa remains president of Syria, working to consolidate power and gain international recognition. He is well-known in the Middle East and among international observers of Syria, though controversial given his jihadist background.