Angela Merkel

Enters Politics Post-Reunification

After the fall of the Berlin Wall, Merkel entered politics and was appointed Minister for Women and Youth in the newly reunified Germany. This marked the beginning of her political ascent from obscurity.

Becomes Environment Minister

Appointed as Minister for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety under Chancellor Kohl. She gained national recognition and political experience in a significant cabinet position.

Elected CDU Party Leader

Became the first woman to lead the Christian Democratic Union, taking control after a party financing scandal. This positioned her as a major figure in German politics.

First Female German Chancellor

Elected as Germany's first female Chancellor, breaking a historic barrier. Her leadership began during a grand coalition government, establishing her as a household name across Europe.

Eurozone Crisis Leadership

Emerged as the dominant figure in managing the European debt crisis, enforcing austerity measures and bailout conditions. Her influence shaped the economic fate of the entire eurozone.

Refugee Crisis Decision

Opened Germany's borders to over a million refugees, declaring 'Wir schaffen das' (We can do this). This bold humanitarian stance made her a global icon and Time Person of the Year.

Fourth Term Victory

Won her fourth consecutive term as Chancellor, cementing her status as Europe's most powerful leader and 'leader of the free world' in the Trump era. Her political dominance was unquestioned.

Retirement After 16 Years

Stepped down voluntarily after 16 years as Chancellor, one of the longest tenures in German history. She left office with high approval ratings and a legacy as a stabilizing force in Europe.

Elder Stateswoman Legacy

Remains highly respected as a retired leader, giving occasional speeches and writing memoirs. Her tenure is viewed as a defining era in modern European history, though no longer in active political power.