About
Colin Luther Powell was an influential American Army general, diplomat, and statesman. He served as the 65th United States Secretary of State from 2001 to 2005, being the highest-ranking Black American in the federal executive branch until Barack Obama's presidency. Powell also held the positions of National Security Advisor from 1987 to 1989 and Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff from 1989 to 1993. He was a respected figure in American politics and military leadership.
Career Timeline
Named National Security Advisor
Appointed as National Security Advisor under President Reagan, becoming the first African American to hold this position. This role elevated his political profile and set the stage for higher appointments.
Chairman of Joint Chiefs
Became Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, the youngest and first African American to hold this position. His strategic leadership during this period significantly increased his national prominence.
Gulf War Victory Success
Led military strategy during Operation Desert Storm with overwhelming success. The swift victory made him a national hero and household name, with polls showing him as a potential presidential candidate.
Autobiography Bestseller Release
Published 'My American Journey' which became a major bestseller and lucrative speaking tour followed. His memoir and speaking fees substantially increased his personal wealth.
Secretary of State Appointment
Appointed as the first African American Secretary of State under President George W. Bush. This historic appointment maintained his status as one of America's most respected public figures.
UN Iraq WMD Presentation
Presented flawed intelligence on Iraqi WMDs to the UN Security Council, which he later called a 'blot' on his record. This controversial moment damaged his previously sterling reputation when no WMDs were found.
Resignation from State Department
Resigned as Secretary of State amid Iraq War controversies. Despite the tarnished legacy from Iraq, he remained a sought-after speaker and board member for major corporations.
Death and Legacy Honored
Passed away from COVID-19 complications at age 84. His death prompted widespread tributes honoring his groundbreaking military and diplomatic career, with his legacy as a barrier-breaking leader largely restored despite Iraq War controversies.
Enduring American Icon Legacy
Remembered as a historic figure who broke racial barriers in military and diplomatic leadership. His legacy as a dedicated public servant and the 'reluctant warrior' continues to inspire, despite the WMD controversy remaining a complex chapter in his story.
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Last updated: February 23, 2026