About
Fethullah Gülen was a Turkish Muslim scholar, preacher, and the leader of the Gülen movement. He was known as an influential neo-Ottomanist, Anatolian panethnicist, Islamic poet, writer, social critic, and activist-dissident. From 1959 to 1981, Gülen worked as a local state imam in Turkey. Later in life, he became a centrist political figure in Turkey and eventually lived in self-exile in the United States from 1999 until his death in 2024.
Career Timeline
Begins Career as State Imam
Starts working as a government-appointed imam in Turkey, beginning his religious and educational mission. His early sermons attract a small but dedicated following.
Founds Educational Movement
Establishes the first schools associated with his movement, emphasizing science, Turkish nationalism, and interfaith dialogue. His educational network begins to expand across Turkey.
Moves to Pennsylvania in Exile
Relocates to the United States for medical treatment and remains in self-imposed exile. His movement continues to grow internationally, with schools and media outlets across multiple continents.
Peak of Global Influence
His movement operates hundreds of schools worldwide and wields significant influence in Turkish media, business, and civil service. He is named one of TIME's 100 most influential people.
Erdoğan Alliance Fractures
His once-close relationship with Turkish President Erdoğan deteriorates into open conflict. Turkish government begins investigations into Gülenist influence in state institutions.
Accused of Coup Attempt
Turkey accuses Gülen of orchestrating the failed military coup, leading to massive purges and arrests of alleged followers. His movement is designated a terrorist organization, though he denies involvement.
Dies in Pennsylvania Exile
Passes away in the United States, never having returned to Turkey. His movement remains banned in Turkey, but his schools and organizations continue to operate in other countries.
Controversial Global Legacy
Remembered as either a visionary educator and moderate Islamic scholar or a dangerous cult leader, depending on perspective. His movement's educational institutions continue worldwide, while his name remains central to Turkish political discourse.
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Last updated: February 23, 2026