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Sir John Phillip Key is a New Zealand retired politician who served as the 38th prime minister of New Zealand from 2008 to 2016. He was also the leader of the National Party from 2006 to 2016. Before entering politics, Key had a successful career in the foreign exchange market. As prime minister, he led New Zealand through the Global Financial Crisis and implemented various economic and social policies.

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Career Timeline

1995D$10M

Head of FX Merrill Lynch

Reached the pinnacle of his financial career as Head of Global Foreign Exchange at Merrill Lynch in London. His success in finance established the wealth that would later support his political career.

2002C$15M+$5M

Elected to Parliament

Entered New Zealand politics by winning the Helensville seat for the National Party. His business background and communication skills quickly made him a rising political star.

2006B$20M+$5M

Became National Party Leader

Elected leader of the National Party, positioning himself as a moderate, business-friendly alternative to the Labour government. His leadership revitalized the party's electoral prospects.

2008A$25M+$5M

Elected Prime Minister

Led National to victory and became Prime Minister during the Global Financial Crisis. His economic credentials and calm demeanor reassured voters during economic uncertainty.

2011A$30M+$5M

Reelected, Led Earthquake Recovery

Won a second term and oversaw Christchurch's reconstruction after devastating earthquakes. His leadership during the crisis and economic management maintained high approval ratings.

2014A$38M+$8M

Third Election Victory

Secured an unprecedented third consecutive term with an increased majority. His popularity remained remarkably high, making him one of New Zealand's most successful modern politicians.

2016A$45M+$7M

Resigned as Prime Minister

Unexpectedly resigned at the height of his popularity, citing family reasons. His departure was widely mourned, and he left with exceptionally high approval ratings.

2026B$50M+$5M

Business Leader, Limited Politics

Serves on corporate boards and occasionally comments on New Zealand politics but maintains a low political profile. While still respected in New Zealand, his international prominence has diminished since leaving office.

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Last updated: February 23, 2026