About
Mohammad Zahir Shah was the last king of Afghanistan, reigning from 1933 until his deposition in 1973. He ruled for nearly 40 years, making him the longest-serving ruler of Afghanistan since the Durrani Empire's foundation. His reign saw a period of relative stability and modernization in Afghanistan, though it ended in a coup while he was abroad.
Career Timeline
Ascends to the Throne
Becomes King of Afghanistan at a young age after his father's assassination.
Constitutional Monarchy
Introduces a new constitution establishing a constitutional monarchy.
Deposed in a Coup
Deposed in a coup led by his cousin while receiving medical treatment in Italy.
Returns to Afghanistan
Returns to Afghanistan after nearly 30 years in exile.
Death in Kabul
Dies in Kabul, marking the end of an era in Afghan history.
Forgotten Monarch
Largely forgotten figure, his reign remembered only by history enthusiasts.
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Last updated: February 25, 2026