About
Rita Levi-Montalcini was a celebrated Italian neurobiologist renowned for her groundbreaking work in the field of nerve growth factor (NGF). Her research, conducted in collaboration with Stanley Cohen, led to the discovery of NGF, a protein that plays a crucial role in the development and survival of nerve cells. This discovery earned her and Cohen the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1986. Levi-Montalcini dedicated her life to scientific research and made significant contributions to our understanding of the nervous system.
Career Timeline
Joins Washington University Lab
Levi-Montalcini began her groundbreaking research at Washington University in St. Louis, working with Viktor Hamburger. This marked the start of her formal collaboration that would lead to the discovery of nerve growth factor.
Discovers Nerve Growth Factor
Her discovery of NGF revolutionized neurobiology, showing how nerve cells develop and survive. Though initially recognized only in scientific circles, this work would become the foundation of her legacy.
Establishes Research Center in Rome
Returned to Italy and established the Institute of Cell Biology in Rome, expanding her research influence. Her work gained more international attention in academic circles.
Wins Nobel Prize in Medicine
Awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Stanley Cohen for the NGF discovery. This brought her international recognition and elevated her status as one of the most important neurobiologists of the 20th century.
Appointed Senator for Life
Italian President Carlo Azeglio Ciampi appointed her Senator for Life in recognition of her scientific achievements. This honor demonstrated her impact beyond science into national culture.
Celebrates 100th Birthday Working
At age 100, she remained active in research and advocacy for science education. Her longevity and continued work made her an inspirational figure in the scientific community.
Passes Away at 103
Died in Rome, having lived an extraordinarily productive life dedicated to science. Her legacy as a Nobel laureate and pioneering woman in neuroscience remains influential but her mainstream recognition is limited to scientific and academic circles.
Scientific Legacy Endures Globally
Today, Levi-Montalcini is remembered as one of the most important neurobiologists in history. Her NGF research continues to influence modern neuroscience and regenerative medicine, keeping her well-respected in scientific communities worldwide.
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Last updated: February 23, 2026