About
Arnaldo Tamayo Méndez is a Cuban military officer, legislator, and former cosmonaut. Born in 1942, he is the first person of African heritage in space. In 1980, as a member of the crew of Soyuz 38, he became the first Cuban citizen, the first Latin American, the first person of African descent, and the first person from a country in the Western Hemisphere other than the United States to travel into Earth orbit.
Career Timeline
First Cuban in Space
Historic spaceflight on Soyuz 38 makes him a national hero.
Hero of the Republic of Cuba
Awarded Hero of the Republic of Cuba after Space mission.
Order of Lenin Award
Awarded the Order of Lenin
Elected to National Assembly
Serves in the National Assembly of Cuba, involved in politics.
Military and Political Roles
Continues military service and political roles in Cuba.
Symbol of Cuban Achievement
Remains a respected figure in Cuba, but internationally less known today.
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Last updated: February 25, 2026