About
Simeon Borisov Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, known as Simeon II of Bulgaria, is a unique figure in European history. He reigned as the last Tsar of Bulgaria from 1943 until 1946, a period abruptly ended by a referendum that abolished the monarchy and forced him into exile. After the fall of communism, he returned to Bulgaria and founded the National Movement for Stability and Progress party. In a remarkable turn of events, he won the 2001 election and served as the Prime Minister of Bulgaria from 2001 to 2005, making him one of the few monarchs to later hold a high-level elected office.
Career Timeline
Becomes Tsar of Bulgaria
Ascends to the throne at a young age during a tumultuous time in European history.
Monarchy Abolished, Goes into Exile
Forced into exile after a referendum abolishes the monarchy.
Elected Prime Minister
Returns to Bulgaria and wins election as Prime Minister, a remarkable political comeback.
Ousted From Prime Minister Position
End of Prime Minister tenure marks a shift in his political influence.
Returns to Private Life
Transitions from his role as Prime Minister to a private life.
Royal Duties and Appearances
Continues to make public appearances and engage in royal duties and charity work.
Former Tsar, Still Respected
Simeon II remains a respected figure in Bulgaria, known for his unique life story.
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Last updated: February 25, 2026