Thabo Mbeki

Deputy President Under Mandela

Mbeki became South Africa's first post-apartheid Deputy President under Nelson Mandela, playing a crucial role in the country's democratic transition. His position as Mandela's deputy positioned him as the heir apparent to the presidency.

Elected President of South Africa

Mbeki succeeded Mandela as President of South Africa, inheriting a nation in transition with enormous challenges. His election was seen as a continuation of the ANC's leadership and the consolidation of democracy in South Africa.

AIDS Denialism Controversy

Mbeki faced international criticism for his skepticism about the link between HIV and AIDS, delaying the rollout of antiretroviral treatment. This controversy severely damaged his reputation and is estimated to have cost hundreds of thousands of lives.

Re-election Despite Controversies

Despite the AIDS controversy and other criticisms, Mbeki won re-election, demonstrating the ANC's continued dominance. However, tensions within the party were growing, particularly with rival Jacob Zuma.

Loses ANC Leadership to Zuma

Mbeki was defeated by Jacob Zuma in the contest for ANC presidency, a significant blow that foreshadowed the end of his national presidency. The loss revealed deep divisions within the ANC and diminished his political power.

Forced Resignation as President

The ANC's National Executive Committee recalled Mbeki as President of South Africa, forcing his resignation. The humiliating end to his presidency was driven by internal party politics and marked a dramatic fall from power.

Elder Statesman and Mediator

Mbeki has rehabilitated his reputation somewhat as an African elder statesman, taking on mediation roles in regional conflicts. While his AIDS policies remain a controversial legacy, he is recognized for his economic reforms and contributions to South Africa's development, maintaining respect within diplomatic circles.